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How to use separable verbs in German: German grammar for beginners

Once, while in Germany, I invited a boy whom I liked very much for coffee. As we approached the table I wanted to suggest to him that he make himself…

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Funktionsverbgefüge, or noun-verb phrases in German

Do you have to live in Germany to learn to speak like a real German? Of course it’s a great way, but you don’t have to go to such drastic…

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“Weil” and “dass”, or conjunctions in German – a simple explanation

I remember well the feeling of excitement when I went to Germany to visit my aunt for the first time. I thought my knowledge of German was already pretty good,…

Past Perfect (czas zaprzeszły dokonany) - budowa, zastosowanie,  przykłady
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Past tenses in German – Perfekt, Präteritum and Plusquamperfekt: Explanation and examples

The first evening of my first student exchange in Germany was dedicated to integration. Students from the German university prepared a welcome bonfire for us. I remember that at first…

Mowa zależna w języku angielskim. Zasady, konstrukcja i przykłady mowy zależnej (reported speech)
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How to form Konjunktiv I in German

We use the Konjunktiv I for dependent speech to distance ourselves from another person’s speech and to emphasize that we are only conveying their words, not our own opinion. Konjunktiv…

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Konjunktiv I, or reported speech, in German: “Habe” and “sei” – explanation and online exercises

I remember well the first time I encountered dependent speech in German. It was during my first stay in Germany, during which I worked intensively to improve my language skills….

Tryby warunkowe w języku angielskim. Conditionals, nazywane również zdaniami warunkowymi i okresami warunkowymi
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Modal verbs in Konjunktiv II. Speculation and probability

In the “Was Wäre Wenn” song, sung by Cluedo, we have a perfect example of Konjunktiv II: “… und kämen wir nie zusammen, müssten wir uns niemals trennen.” – (…and…

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Genitiv usage and examples in German: Prepositions that require the use of the Genitiv

Genitive answers the question ‘wessen?’ (whose) and is used to express ownership or belonging. Expressing ownership We use the genitive to indicate the owner or author of an object, decision…

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Verbs with Dativ in German

Dativ answers the following questions: It refers to the further complement, which is usually the person who bears the consequences of an action. The further complement helps us understand to…

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Verbs with Akkusativ in German

Akkusativ answers the questions: Some verbs are always followed by an Akkusativ. Examples are: lieben (to love), fragen (to ask), essen (to eat), kaufen (to buy), kennenlernen (to get to…

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Cases in German: Nominative, Genitive, Dativ, Akkusativ – table with examples and explanation

I must admit that when I first learned what cases are in German, I was a bit discouraged about learning them. They seemed too confusing and incomprehensible to me. Unfortunately,…

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Using Konjunktiv II in German: conditional sentences, wishes, advice, and polite sentences

Conjunctiv II is the form of the verb that you use to create the suppositional mode in English. As in Polish, you use it to express: Conditional sentences We most…

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How to form Konjunktiv II in German

Konjunctiv II is the form of the German verb that you use to form the suppositional mode. As in English, you use it to express: Depending on whether you are…

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Konjunktiv II, or conjectural mode, in German: Würde, wäre and hätte

“If only German grammar wasn’t so difficult!” Isn’t this a thought that occurs to everyone who learns German? If you’ve just encountered Konjunktiv II for the first time and it…

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How to form plural nouns in German

The plural in German is a tricky subject. There is no exact consensus on how many different ways it can be formed. In order to write this guide for you,…

Język niemiecki dla początkujących
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Types of German language certificates

“Why take language certificates?” This is a question I have heard many times from friends and students. The answer is not simple, because there are different types of German language…

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What are the levels of German language proficiency? What exams determine the level of German?

The beginning of learning German was very exciting for me. Progress was visible day by day and it motivated me tremendously. Unfortunately, at a slightly later stage, I felt that…

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Prepositions with Genitiv in German: Table and lots of examples

Genitiv is the rarest case in German, but you need it to express ownership or belonging. It answers the question “wessen?” (whose). Prepositions combining with the complement (Genitiv) are: anhand,…

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Prepositions with Dativ in German: Table and lots of examples

The Dativ in German answers the questions: Prepositions combining with the predicate (Dativ) are: aus, bei, mit, nach, seit, von, zu, gegenüber. In this case, too, it’s best to cram…

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Prepositions with Akkusativ in German: Table and lots of examples

The prepositions combining with the accusative (Akkusativ) are: durch, für, gegen, ohne, um, entlang. It’s best to learn them by heart in exactly this order, to the point where you…

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German prepositions with Akkusativ or Dativ (Wechselpräpositionen): List with lots of examples

Some place-determining prepositions in German are not faithful to a single case. These are so-called variable prepositions, or Wechselpräpositionen. Depending on the context, they combine with the accusative (Akkusativ) or…

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Prepositions in German: German prepositions that require the use of Dativ, Akkusativ, and Genitiv

Prepositions in German is a topic that I unfortunately always skipped in my early days of learning German. Everything changed during one of my trips to Germany. When I got…

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How to conjugate possessive pronouns in German

Possessive pronouns in German are pronouns that indicate possession or belonging. They usually come before a noun, for example mein Kind (my child). These types of pronouns vary depending on…

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Possessivpronomen: What are possessive pronouns in German? Theory and examples

I was sitting together with my friend Sylvia in a coffee shop. We had agreed to work together that day. I was getting down to writing this article, and she…

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Fruits and vegetables in German (Obst und Gemüse)

When I was still living in Germany, every weekend I would see the opening of the vegetable and fruit market through my window. It attracted quite a large number of…

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Months and seasons in German (Monate und Jahreszeiten)

A few years ago, when I was still living in Germany, I went with friends to Oktoberfest. They told me that it was the biggest festival of the year and…

Niemiecki w podróży - słownictwo wakacyjne po niemiecku, które przyda Ci się na wyjazd
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Traveling in German: holiday vocabulary in German that will come in handy on your trip

As a student of German philology, I spent every vacation in Germany. I wanted to brush up on my language skills, and I always believed that staying in a foreign…

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Irregular verbs in the past tense in German: Three forms of the verb

In German we distinguish between two past tenses: Präteritum and Perfekt. The difference in meaning between these tenses is very small. In some cases, they can be used interchangeably (especially…

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Conjugation of German irregular verbs in the present tense

Mastering the conjugation of German irregular verbs is very important for communication, since they occur very often in the language and describe important actions and states. An interesting fact is…

Czasowniki nieregularne w języku niemieckim - tabela wraz z odmianą
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Irregular verbs in German – a table with conjugation

Anyone who studied the language at school knows very well what irregular verbs are in German. I still remember my first lesson, where I was given a photocopied sheet with…